A metal underground water pipe is typically used for a residential Grounding Electrode NEC250.52(A)(1) but it must have a Supplementary Grounding Electrode which can be a metal rod in the earth. Both the metal underground water pipe ground electrode and the metal rod ground electrode are bonded with the service neutral only at the service entrance NEC 250.24(A) and no where else on the customer side NEC 250.24(A)(5). A gas pipe is not permitted as a Ground Electrode NEC250.52 but must be bonded to the grounding system NEC250.104, usually at the residential service panel. The gas pipe is being grounded rather than the gas pipe being the ground.
"...earth shall not be considered an effective ground-fault current path." NEC250.4(A)(5)
In a ground-fault condition, the current flows back to the service panel on the equipment ground wire where equipment ground meets the neutral conductor. The service neutral then returns the current safely back to the source (transformer in most cases) on a low impedance path. If a separate ground rod is used alone at the spa, there is no bonded low impedance path back to the source transformer which is potentially dangerous.
However, a supplementary ground electrode (metal rod) is permitted to be connected to the equipment grounding conductors but the earth shall not be used as an effective ground-fault current path. NEC250.54. So install the spa ground rod if you like and connect it to the equipment but the service panel equipment ground wire must also be connected to the equipment.